Gait Analysis
Seyed Mehran Ayati Najafabadi; Alireza Hashemi Oskouei; Seyed Masoud Rafiaei
Volume 15, Issue 2 , August 2021, , Pages 141-150
Abstract
Balance in daily movements like as stair ascending is a challenge for the people with leg lengths discrepancy (LLD). These people change their pattern of movement to compensate the difference between legs’ length. Due to the changes in movement pattern, body's center of mass which is one of the ...
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Balance in daily movements like as stair ascending is a challenge for the people with leg lengths discrepancy (LLD). These people change their pattern of movement to compensate the difference between legs’ length. Due to the changes in movement pattern, body's center of mass which is one of the important factors in maintaining balance can be varied. Compensatory insoles are used to compensate for short legs. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in the center of mass, with and without using insoles in people with leg length discrepancy when climbing stairs. In this practical cross-sectional study, the movement of 20 participants while climbing stairs in two groups of healthy people and people with LLD was recorded by a three-dimensional movement analysis system. Changes in pelvic, knee and ankle joint angles were calculated with the 7-member Euler method. Then the rotation and transferring matrixes were defined by using the joint angles to determine the torque arm of the limbs. By the total body torque method, the center of mass changes in three directions were obtained. Then, these changes were compared between the experimental and control groups using independent and paired t-test at 95% confidence level. The results showed that the displacement of the center of mass in all three directions was significantly higher for people with different leg length differences when comparing with healthy people (p<0.05). The results also showed that range of movement has no significant different in the Vertical axis between normal and LLD people (p>0.05) when using insole. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the use of compensatory insoles alone cannot make changes in the center of mass as one of the indicators to measure the balance in climbing stairs like normal people.
Gait Analysis
Seyed Mehran Ayati Najafabadi; Alireza Hashemi Oskooi; Seyed Masoud Rafiaei
Volume 15, Issue 1 , May 2021, , Pages 73-85
Abstract
People who suffer from leg length discrepancy (LLD) due to the shortening of one side of the lower extremities change their movement pattern because of using compensatory mechanisms. Methods such as manipulating a compensating insole are used to correct the movement pattern to normal. Therefore, the ...
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People who suffer from leg length discrepancy (LLD) due to the shortening of one side of the lower extremities change their movement pattern because of using compensatory mechanisms. Methods such as manipulating a compensating insole are used to correct the movement pattern to normal. Therefore, the knowledge of movement pattern changes in with and without using of insoles can help to develop rehabilitation methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematics of the lower extremities of people with leg length discrepancy during stair climbing with and without using insoles. Twenty participants including 10 normal and 10 LLD people took part in this study. Their movement on stair was recorded using a 7 camera 3-D motion analysis system. Changes in the angles of the hip, the knee and the ankle joints were calculated by the 7-member Euler model and compared by independent and paired sample t-test at 95% confidence level. The results showed that there was a significant difference between healthy people and people with LLD without using insoles. These people had higher extension of the knee, pelvis and ankle at the initial contact and toe off in sagittal plane and more knee and pelvis range of movement, less adduction of the knee and pelvis at the initial contact in frontal plane, higher internal and external rotation of pelvis at the initial contact and ankle in toe off in horizontal plane (p<0.05). The results also showed that maximum abduction of the pelvis and maximum adduction of the ankle, maximum internal rotation and the value of the angle of the knee and ankle had no significant different between normal and LLD people (p>0.05) when using insoles. Therefore, the use of insoles can correct some parameters of the movement pattern of the lower joints.
